What is the classification of Entamoeba?
Entamoeba
Entamoeba/Scientific names
What disease does Entamoeba gingivalis cause?
Entamoeba gingivalis is associated with poor dental hygiene and periodontal disease, but no causal relationship to periodontitis has been proven. The increased frequency of colonization in this setting might simply reflect a more hospitable host environment.
What are the characteristics of Entamoeba?
Entamoeba cells are small, with a single nucleus and typically a single lobose pseudopod taking the form of a clear anterior bulge. They have a simple life cycle. The trophozoite (feeding-dividing form) is approximately 10-20 μm in diameter and feeds primarily on bacteria.
What are the characteristics of Entamoeba histolytica?
CHARACTERISTICS: Entamoeba histolytica is a pseudopod-forming nonflagellate protozoan parasite. E. histolytica is a member of the phylum Sarcomastigophora and subphylum Sarcodina, class Lobosa, order Amoebida, and family Entamoebidae 2 3.
What is the structure of Entamoeba?
Each parasite secretes a thin, rounded, resistant, colourless and transparent cyst wall around it. The cysts of Entamoeba histolytica vary in size. Its cytoplasm is clear and each cyst is mononucleate at this stage. Presence of chromatoid bodies is the characteristic of the cysts of Entamoeba histolytica.
Where is Entamoeba coli?
large intestinal tract
Entamoeba coli is one of many non-pathogenic protozoa found in humans. It is transmitted through fecal-oral contact, and the mature cyst can be found in contaminated water. Typically, these protozoa inhabit the large intestinal tract and can be identified in diagnostic stool specimens.
Where does Entamoeba gingivalis live?
oral cavity
There is no known cyst stage for Entamoeba gingivalis; trophozoites live in the oral cavity of humans, residing in the gingival pockets near the base of the teeth. They are not considered pathogenic, and feed on bacteria and other debris.
What kills Entamoeba gingivalis?
However, in symptomatic patients and in invasive disease, the most widely used drugs against E. histolytica are the nitroimidazoles (metronidazole and tinidazole) (Marie and Petri, 2013; Ansari et al., 2015). Metronidazole (MTZ) kills amebas but does not cause damage to cysts.
Is Entamoeba gingivalis pathogenic?
Entamoeba gingivalis is a non-pathogenic ameba that inhabits the human oral cavity and occasionally other sites. Although it is often found in conjunction with periodontal disease, no causative association has been definitively identified.
What is the feeding stage of Entamoeba?
Infection by Entamoeba histolytica occurs by ingestion of mature cysts (2) in fecally contaminated food, water, or hands. Excystation (3) occurs in the small intestine and trophozoites (4) are released, which migrate to the large intestine.
How does Entamoeba reproduce?
Reproduction: The trophozoite of Entamoeba histolytica reproduces normally by a process of simple binary fission in the intestinal wall and by a modified form of mitosis. The exact nature of the division of the nucleus is controversial but it is believed by many authors that it is probably a modified type of mitosis.
How is Entamoeba gingivalis transmitted?
Entamoeba gingivalis is found in 95% of people with gum disease and rarely in people with healthy gums. Cyst formation is not present; therefore transmission is direct from one person to another by kissing, or by sharing eating utensils.
What is Entamoeba gingivalis?
Entamoeba gingivalis is a non-pathogenic ameba that inhabits the human oral cavity and occasionally other sites. Although it is often found in conjunction with periodontal disease, no causative association has been definitively identified.
What are the different types of Entamoeba infections?
The genus Entamoeba is composed of five species that infect humans: E. histolytica, E. dispar, E. hartmanni, E. coli, E. polecki and E. gingivalis. Only E. histolytica is known to cause disease in humans. E. dispar, E. hartmanni, E. coli and E. polecki are commensals found in the large intestine, and E. gingivalis is found in the oral cavity.
How is enterobacterium gingivalis identified?
Identification of E. gingivalis is usually made by the finding of trophozoites in scrapings of the gums and teeth; trophozoites may be seen ingesting white cells and epithelial cell nuclei.
What is the clinical history of Entamoeba histolytica?
Clinical disease occurs in only a minority of E. histolytica infections; invasive intestinal amoebiasis disease can occur months after infection and amoebic liver abscess can develop years later ( Haque et al., 2010 ). The other Entamoeba species are important because they may be confused with E. histolytica in diagnostic microscopy.