Where does MEP pathway occur?
plastid organelles
IPP/DMAPP biosynthesis via the MEP pathway takes place in plastid organelles, while the biosynthesis via the MVA pathway takes place in the cytoplasm. Bacteria such as Escherichia coli have been engineered for co-expressing both the MEP and the MVA pathway.
What is the meaning of mevalonate pathway?
Mevalonate pathway is an important metabolic pathway which plays a key role in multiple cellular processes by synthesizing sterol isoprenoids, such as cholesterol, and non-sterol isoprenoids, such as dolichol, heme-A, isopentenyl tRNA and ubiquinone.
What is the acetate pathway?
The phenylpropanoid pathway of flavonoid biosynthesis has been the subject of considerable research attention. By contrast, the proposed polyketide pathway, also known as the acetate pathway, which provides malonyl-CoA moieties for the C2 elongation reaction catalyzed by chalcone synthase, is less well studied.
Are MVA and MEP pathway synthesized?
Unlike isoprenoid biosynthesis in other living organisms, prenyl-PP, as the precursor of all isoprenoids in plants, is synthesized by two independent pathways: the mevalonate (MVA) pathway in the cytoplasm and the 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway in plastids.
What is MEP pathway in plants?
The methylerythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway is the recently discovered source of isoprenoid precursors isopentenyl diphosphate (IDP) and dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMADP) in most bacteria, some eukaryotic parasites, and the plastids of plant cells. Some isoprenoids have important commercial uses.
What is precursor for Deoxyxylulose phosphate pathway?
Abstract. Recently, a mevalonate-independent pathway was discovered in bacteria and plants that leads to the formation of isopentenyl diphosphate and dimethylallyl diphosphate, the two basic precursors of isoprenoids.
Is mevalonate and mevalonic acid the same?
Mevalonic acid (MVA) is a key organic compound in biochemistry; the name is a contraction of dihydroxymethylvalerolactone. The carboxylate anion of mevalonic acid, which is the predominant form in biological environments, is known as mevalonate and is of major pharmaceutical importance.
What is acetate or polyketide pathway?
Polyketides, metabolites built primarily from combinations of acetate units are described. The biosynthesis of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids is covered, together with prostaglandins, thromboxanes and leukotrienes. The application of genetic engineering to modify products from the acetate pathway is discussed.
What is the precursor of mevalonate pathway?
Mevalonic acid is a precursor in the biosynthetic pathway known as the mevalonate pathway that produces terpenes and steroids. Mevalonic acid is the primary precursor of isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP), that is in turn the basis for all terpenoids.
What is meant by a metabolic pathway?
Metabolic pathways refer to the sequence of enzyme catalyzed reactions that lead to the conversion of a substance into a final product. Metabolic cycles encompass a series of reactions in which the substrate is continuously reformed and the intermediate metabolites are continuously regenerated.
Which bacteria co-express the MEP and MVA pathway?
Bacteria such as Escherichia coli have been engineered for co-expressing both the MEP and the MVA pathway. Distribution of the metabolic fluxes between the MEP and the MVA pathway can be studied using 13 C-glucose isotopomers. Bacteria that use the MEP pathway include important pathogens such Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
What is the MEP pathway in plants?
In plants, the plastid-localized 2- C -methyl- d -erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway provides the precursors for the synthesis of isoprenoid hormones, monoterpenes, carotenoids and the side chain of chlorophylls, tocopherols and prenylquinones.
What does MEP stand for?
The methylerythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway is the recently discovered source of isoprenoid precursors isopentenyl diphosphate (IDP) and dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMADP) in most bacteria, some eukaryotic parasites, and the plastids of plant cells.
What is the other name for the mevalonate pathway?
The currently preferred name for this pathway is the MEP pathway, since MEP is the first committed metabolite on the route to IPP . The classical mevalonate pathway (MVA pathway or HMG-CoA reductase pathway) is a metabolic pathway for the biosynthesis of isoprenoid precursors: IPP and DMAPP.