What is structural interpretation?
A structural interpretation session normally would include explicit delineation of fault framework. Instead, the fault surfaces were interpreted as part of the horizons themselves.
How is seismic data interpreted?
Simply defined, seismic interpretation is the science (and art) of inferring the geology at some depth from the processed seismic record. Structural seismic interpretation is directed toward the creation of structural maps of the subsurface from the observed three-dimensional configuration of arrival times.
What is 2D seismic interpretation?
Summary. 2D seismic interpretation is generally complex, relying on 2D auto-tracking and manual picking of major stratigraphic events. Interpreters must extend this process to multiple lines, presenting various resolutions, amplitude ranges and mistie effects.
How do you identify faults in seismic data?
When geoscientists interpret seismic data, the most straightforward way to identify a fault is by seeing a significant displacement in a set of seismic reflectors. It does not take a highly trained eye to see the many faults in the New Zealand seismic line if Figure 2.
What are the methods of interpreting the Constitution?
Introduction There are five sources that have guided interpretation of the Constitution: (1) the text and structure of the Constitution, (2) intentions of those who drafted, voted to propose, or voted to ratify the provision in question, (3) prior precedents (usually judicial), (4) the social, political, and economic …
What is Ant tracking?
Ant tracking technology precisely is a method based on ant algorithm that can implement automatic fracture interpretation in 3D seismic data. The principle is sowing a lot of electronic “ants” in seismic data volume,then the “ants” will move forward along the possible fault plane and leave the “pheromone”.
Why seismic interpretation is important?
Reflection seismic imaging is a fundamental tool for understanding the structure of the Earth’s crust. Interpretation of seismic image data involves a certain degree of knowledge in structural geology, stratigraphy and tectonic settings, as well as an understanding of the physics behind the creation of a seismic image.
What is geophysical interpretation?
Geophysical interpretation is a fundamental part of petroleum and mineral exploration. The decision to drill for oil or minerals often depends on our ability to obtain reliable models of the earth by using geophysical …
What is 3D seismic survey?
In three-dimensional (3D) reflection seismic surveying the sound detectors (numbering up to a thousand or more) are spread out over an area and the sound source is moved from location to location through the area. 3D seismic programs are generally a uniform and evenly spaced grid of lines.
What is pre stack seismic data?
Pre-stack inversion transforms seismic angle or offset data into P-impedance, S-impedance and density volumes through integration of the seismic angle/offset gathers, well data and a basic stratigraphic interpretation. The output components are layer properties, whereas seismic data is an interface property.
What is seismic section?
1. n. [Geophysics] A display of seismic data along a line, such a 2D seismic profile or a profile extracted from a volume of 3D seismic data. A seismic section consists of numerous traces with location given along the x-axis and two-way traveltime or depth along the y-axis.
What are the 5 types of interpretation that can change the Constitution?
What is the seismic reflection method?
The seismic refraction method is based on the property of seismic waves to refract (or be bent) when they travel from one medium to another of different density or elasticity. The velocity of wave transmission changes as it enters another material with different elastic properties (Stein, 2003, pp. 120-128).
What is a seismic graph?
A seismogram is a graph output by a seismograph. It is a record of the ground motion at a measuring station as a function of time.
What is the seismic zone?
A seismic zone is a region in which the rate of seismic activity remains fairly consistent. This may mean that seismic activity is incredibly rare, or that it is extremely common.
What is seismic design?
Seismic design takes into account the various effects produced by an earthquake. Seismic design is an area of architecture that seeks to create buildings and homes that can absorb the shakes of earthquakes rather than succumb to their forces.