What does the FLC gene do?
FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) has a key role in the timing of the initiation of flowering in Arabidopsis. FLC binds and represses two genes that promote flowering, FT and SOC1. We show that FLC binds to many other genes, indicating that it has regulatory roles other than the repression of flowering.
Is the FLC gene silenced by vernalization?
While FLC is permanently silenced after vernalization, AGL19 is temporarily silenced before vernalization. It has been reported that FLC silencing involves not only H3K27me3 but also repressive H3K9me2 marks (Bastow et al., 2004; Sung and Amasino, 2004).
What is FLC in plants?
Flowering Locus C (FLC) is a MADS-box gene that in late-flowering ecotypes of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana is responsible for vernalization. In a new seedling FLC is expressed, which prevents flowering.
What are the requirements of vernalization?
Requirements of Vernalization:
- (i) Low Temperature: Low temperature required for vernalization is usually 0°—5°.
- (ii) Period of Low Temperature Treatment: It varies from a few hours to a few days.
- (iii) Actively Dividing Cells:
- (iv) Water:
- (vi) Proper Nourishment.
- Importance of Vernalization:
What vernalization means?
vernalization, the artificial exposure of plants (or seeds) to low temperatures in order to stimulate flowering or to enhance seed production.
Is Arabidopsis a species?
Arabidopsis thaliana is a small flowering plant that is widely used as a model organism in plant biology. Arabidopsis is a member of the mustard (Brassicaceae) family, which includes cultivated species such as cabbage and radish.
What is vernalization in biology?
How does vernalization affect the FLC gene expression?
Vernalization, which promotes flowering in the late-flowering ecotypes and many late-flowering mutants, decreases the level of FLC transcript and protein in the plant. The FLF gene encodes a putative transcription factor of the MADS-box class, which, we concluded, acts as a repressor of floral induction.
Which of the following hormone can replace Vernalisation?
Gibberellin is a hormone that replaces vernalisation.
What is the vernalization process?
Vernalization (from Latin vernus, “of the spring”) is the induction of a plant’s flowering process by exposure to the prolonged cold of winter, or by an artificial equivalent. This ensures that reproductive development and seed production occurs in spring and winters, rather than in autumn.
What is Vernalisation and Photoperiodism?
Photoperiodism is the induction of flowering in plants by exposing them to appropriate photoperiods (light and dark periods). Vernalization is the process of induction of flowering in plants by exposing them to cold temperature.
What is the meaning of Arabidopsis?
Definition of Arabidopsis : a small genus of annual or biennial herbs (family Brassicaceae) of north temperate regions with basal rosettes of petioled leaves, cauline leaves short-petioled or clasping, and flowers having white, purplish, or sometimes yellow petals — see mouse-ear cress.
Does vernalization occur without FLC in Arabidopsis?
Here, the current understanding of FLC -independent branches of the vernalization pathway in Arabidopsis and vernalization without FLC in grasses is discussed. This review focuses on the role of AGL19, AGL24, and the MAF genes in Arabidopsis. Interestingly, vernalization acts through related molecular machineries on distinct targets.
What does vernalization do to FLC?
Vernalization acts at the epigenetic level to stably reduce FLC expression (for a review, see Schmitz and Amasino, 2007 ), and this effect overrides other types of regulation such as by the autonomous pathway. Once FLC is repressed by vernalization, it can only be reactivated in the next generation.
How does vernalization affect gene expression?
Dashed lines represent hypothetical genetic links. Vernalization acts at the epigenetic level to stably reduce FLC expression (for a review, see Schmitz and Amasino, 2007 ), and this effect overrides other types of regulation such as by the autonomous pathway.