What does asparagine synthetase do?
Asparagine Synthetase (ASNS) catalyzes the synthesis of the non-essential amino acid asparagine (Asn) from aspartate (Asp) and glutamine (Gln). ASNS expression is highly regulated at the transcriptional level, being induced by both the Amino Acid Response (AAR) and the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) pathways.
How is asparagine synthesized?
Asparagine is synthesized from aspartate and glutamine in the ATP-dependent reaction that is catalyzed by the enzyme asparagine synthetase (AS; EC 6.3. 5.4). Given the substrates of this reaction, asparagine synthesis could divert the aspartate flux for aspartate kinase (AK; EC 2.7.
What class of enzyme is asparagine synthetase?
class II
Human ASNS is categorized as a class II or N-terminal nucleophile glutamine amidotransferase because the hydrolysis of glutamine occurs in the N-terminal domain of the enzyme (1).
How does asparagine regulate mTOR?
mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) senses amino acids to control cell growth, metabolism, and autophagy. Like glutamine, asparagine signals to mTORC1 through Arf1 in the absence of the Rag GTPases. Both the Rag-dependent and Rag-independent pathways required the lysosome and lysosomal function for mTORC1 activation.
Is asparagine hydrophobic or hydrophilic?
‘Polarity’
| Amino acid | Abbreviations | IMGT classes of the amino acids side chain properties [1] |
|---|---|---|
| Alanine | Ala | hydrophobic (1) |
| Arginine | Arg | hydrophilic (3) |
| Asparagine | Asn | hydrophilic (3) |
| Aspartic acid | Asp | hydrophilic (3) |
What is asparagine made of?
Asparagine is the amide of aspartic acid. The amide group does not carry a formal charge under any biologically relevant pH conditions. The amide is rather easily hydrolyzed, converting asparagine to aspartic acid.
Is asparagine acidic basic or neutral?
| Structures of Amino Acids | ||
|---|---|---|
| R = any number carbons in a hydrocarbon chain *CHIME plug-in required to view these images. | ||
| Arginine | arg | Basic Polar |
| Asparagine | asn | Neutral Polar |
| Aspartic Acid | asp | Acidic Polar |
What is the structure of asparagine?
C4H8N2O3
Asparagine/Formula
What functional groups are in asparagine?
Like all amino acids, asparagine has two functional groups, a carboxyl group (COOH) and an amine group (NH2). It has the following side chain: -CH2-CO-NH2. Asparagine is a polar, uncharged, hydrophilic amino acid.