Is FOXA1 a transcription factor?
Function. FOXA1 is a member of the forkhead class of DNA-binding proteins. These hepatocyte nuclear factors are transcriptional activators for liver-specific transcripts such as albumin and transthyretin, and they also interact with chromatin as a pioneer factor.
What are the transcription factors in prokaryotes?
Transcription factors (TFs) are proteins that bind to specific sequences on the DNA near their target genes, thus modulating transcription initiation. TFs can activate or repress transcription depending where they bind relative to the transcription start site of the target gene [1].
What is FOXA gene?
FOXA1 (Forkhead Box A1) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with FOXA1 include Estrogen-Receptor Positive Breast Cancer and Estrogen-Receptor Negative Breast Cancer. Among its related pathways are Mesodermal Commitment Pathway and FOXA2 and FOXA3 transcription factor networks.
What are pioneer transcription factors?
Pioneer factors are transcription factors that can directly bind condensed chromatin. They can have positive and negative effects on transcription and are important in recruiting other transcription factors and histone modification enzymes as well as controlling DNA methylation.
Do bacteria use transcription factors?
Transcription is carried out by RNA polymerase but its specificity is controlled by sequence-specific DNA binding proteins called transcription factors. Bacteria heavily rely on transcription and translation to generate proteins that help them respond specifically to their environment.
How is FOXO1 activated?
When the level of blood glucose is high, the pancreas releases insulin into the bloodstream. Insulin then causes the activation of PI3K, which subsequently phosphorylates Akt. Akt then phosphorylates FOXO1, causing nuclear exclusion.
Where are transcription factors synthesized?
the nucleus
In eukaryotes, transcription factors (like most proteins) are transcribed in the nucleus but are then translated in the cell’s cytoplasm. Many proteins that are active in the nucleus contain nuclear localization signals that direct them to the nucleus.
Why is FOXA1 called a pioneer transcription factor?
FOXA1 is recognized as a pioneer transcription factor because binding of FOXA1 to chromatin DNA facilitates subsequent recruitment of ERα and AR to the genome ( Grange, Roux, Rigaud, & Pictet, 1991; Lupien et al., 2008 ).
What does FOXA1 stand for?
Forkhead box A1 (FOXA1) is a pioneer factor that facilitates chromatin binding and function of lineage-specific and oncogenic transcription factors. Hyperactive FOXA1 signaling due to gene amplification or overexpression has been reported in estrogen receptor-positive (ER +) endocrine-resistant metastatic breast cancer.
What is the function of foxfoxa1?
FOXA1 is a transcription factor (TF) of the Forkhead box (FOX) protein family. It functions as a pioneer factor that binds to condensed chromatin to facilitate subsequent binding of ER ( 9) and other lineage-specific TFs.
Do FOXA1 and FOXA2 proteins regulate surfactant-associated protein C transcription?
Functional promoter studies demonstrated an important role for FOXA1 and FOXA2 proteins in regulating transcription of surfactant-associated protein C (SP-C), SP-B and club cell secretory protein (CCSP) genes required for bronchiolar and type II epithelial cell function ( Costa et al., 2001 ).