Is CSP an antigen?
The most work has been done and progress achieved in attempts to maximize the magnitude and quality of immune responses to a single or a few key antigens, such as the circumsporozoite protein (CSP, dominant antigen on the surface of sporozoites) and merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP-1), by immunizing with synthetic …
Is Plasmodium a protein?
They encode high-molecular-mass proteins of >300 kDa that are expressed in late schizonts and localized to the apical end of the merozoite. Antibodies to these proteins can inhibit merozoite invasion of RBCs. A number of Plasmodium species cause malaria in humans.
What is RTS S malaria vaccine?
RTS,S/AS01 (RTS,S) is a vaccine that acts against Plasmodium falciparum, the deadliest malaria parasite globally and the most prevalent in Africa. * In January 2016, the vaccine was recommended by WHO for pilot introduction in selected areas of 3 African countries.
What is cysteine string protein?
Cysteine string protein (CSP) is a member of the DnaJ/Hsp40 family of co-chaperones that localises to neuronal synaptic vesicles. Its name derives from the possession of a string of 12–15 cysteine residues, palmitoylation of which is required for targeting to post-Golgi membranes.
What is trap antigen?
Sporozoite-based malaria vaccines have provided a gold standard for malaria vaccine development, and thrombospondin-related adhesive protein (TRAP) serves as the main vaccine candidate antigen on sporozoites.
Why is Plasmodium a protist?
Plasmodium is a genus of unicellular eukaryotes that are obligate parasites of vertebrates and insects. The life cycles of Plasmodium species involve development in a blood-feeding insect host which then injects parasites into a vertebrate host during a blood meal….
| Plasmodium | |
|---|---|
| Genus: | Plasmodium Marchiafava & Celli, 1885 |
What is the function of Rhoptry?
Virulence loci During invasion of host cells, secretory organelles known as rhoptries discharge their contents into the host cell, making these primary candidates for modulating host signaling (Hakansson et al., 2001).
What does RTS,S stand for?
RTS,S is a scientific name given to this malaria vaccine candidate and represents its composition. The ‘R’ stands for the central repeat region of Plasmodium (P.) falciparum circumsporozoite protein (CSP); the ‘T’ for the T-cell epitopes of the CSP; and the ‘S’ for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg).
What does RTS,S do?
RTS,S aims to trigger the immune system to defend against the first stages of malaria when the Plasmodium falciparum parasite enters the human host’s bloodstream through a mosquito bite and infects liver cells.
What is CSP Alpha?
Cysteine string protein alpha (CSPalpha) is a synaptic vesicle protein that contains a DNA-J domain characteristic of Hsp40 chaperones. These proteins play an important role in presynaptic function and may be involved in calcium-dependent neurotransmitter release.
What are protists GCSE?
Protists are a group of microorganisms that have features that belong to animals, plants and fungi . Some are like animals, others more like plants and some, called moulds are closest to fungi. They are all eukaryotic , which means they have a nucleus .
What type of protist is Plasmodium?
Plasmodium, a genus of parasitic protozoans of the sporozoan subclass Coccidia that are the causative organisms of malaria.