How do you decline a first declension noun in Latin?
To decline a noun means to list all possible case forms for that noun. Latin has five declensions; this article looks at the first two….First-declension nouns.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | -a | -ae |
| Genitive | -ae | -arum |
| Dative | -ae | -is |
| Accusative | -am | -as |
What are the third declension endings in Latin?
The usual genitive ending of third declension nouns is -is. The letter or syllable before it usually remains throughout the cases. For the masculine and feminine, the nominative replaces the -is ending of the singular with an -es for the plural. (Remember: neuter plural nominatives and accusatives end in -a.)
What is a 3rd declension noun in Latin?
The third declension is a category of nouns in Latin and Greek with broadly similar case formation — diverse stems, but similar endings. In contrast with the first- and second-declension endings, those of the third declension lack a theme vowel (a or o/u in the first and second declensions) and so are called athematic.
How do you know if a verb is third declension in Latin?
Third conjugation verbs end in -ere in the infinitive (the second principal part). In the third conjugation, a three-syllable infinitive stresses the first syllable. Our model Latin third conjugation verb below is gero, so its second principal part would be pronounced GE’reh-reh, where the “g” is hard, as in “get”.
How are Latin adjectives declined?
Like nouns, adjectives in Latin are declined. Feminine adjectives require the first declension, masculine the second (masculine pattern), and neuter the second (neuter pattern). These words will look like the adjective antiquus (old, ancient): antiquus (masculine), antiqua (feminine), antiquum (neuter).
What are the main rules that allow us to identify 3rd declension I stem nouns?
RULE 1: I-stem third-declension nouns: (1) are “parisyllabic”; (2) have a monosyllabic nominative singular ending in -s/x and two consonants at the end of the base; (3) or, are neuters ending in -e, -al or -ar.
What is third declension in Latin?
Third declension is Latin’s “catch-all” category for nouns. Into it have been put all nouns whose bases end with consonants ─ any consonant! That makes third declension very different from first and second declension. First declension, as you’ll remember, is dominated by a-stem nouns like femina and cura .
What is the genitive ending of third declension nouns?
Note: For the consonantal stems, it may take some practice to figure out where to add the endings, although, the dictionary form should make this clear. The usual genitive ending of third declension nouns is -is. The letter or syllable before it usually remains throughout the cases.
What is the nominative singular of a third declension noun?
The nominative singular of a third declension noun may end in: according to James Ross’ 18th-century Latin grammar, who also describes the endings used by different genders: Nouns can be masculine (especially with endings in -er, -or, -os, -n, or -o ); neuter (especially nouns ending in -c, -a, -l, -e, -t, -ar, -men, -ur, or -us) in gender.
Why do Latin nouns end in -a and -US?
A good bet for a Latin noun whose nominative singular ends in -a is that it is a feminine noun of the First Declension. Likewise, a noun ending in -us in the nominative singular is likely Second Declension masculine.